L'aquaculture : une source de nourriture durable, importante et en forte croissance ? Statut, transitions et potentiel.
Cette review reprend l'ensemble des points importants relatifs à l'aquaculture, le pourquoi, l'histoire, les impératifs de nutrition, les implications écologiques (consommation de ressources et liens avec les populations sauvages) ainsi que plusieurs perspectives.
Elle permet de poser des bases importants sur la compréhension globale et les intérêts et limites de l'aquaculture comme source d'alimentation
The status and potential of aquaculture is considered as part of a broader food landscape ofwild
aquatic and terrestrial food sources.The rationale andresource base required for the development
of aquaculture are considered in the context of broader societal development, cultural preferences
and human needs. Attention is drawn to the uneven development and current importance of
aquaculture globally as well as its considerable heterogeneity of form and function compared
with established terrestrial livestock production. The recent drivers of growth in demand and production
are examined and the persistent linkages between exploitation of wild stocks, full life cycle
culture and the various intermediate forms explored.An emergent trend for sourcing aquaculture
feeds fromalternatives tomarine ingredients is described and the implications for the sector with
rapidly growing feed needs discussed. The rise of non-conventional and innovative feed ingredients,
often shared with terrestrial livestock, are considered, including aquaculture itself becoming
a major source of marine ingredients. The implications for the continued expected growth of
aquaculture are set in the context of sustainable intensification, with the challenges that conventional
intensification and emergent integration within, and between, value chains explored. The
review concludes with a consideration of the implications for dependent livelihoods and projections
for various futures based on limited resources but growing demand.
